| PRONOUNS |
reflexive |
C2 |
USE: DISCOURSE MARKERS
Can use 'as for myself' as a discourse marker to introduce or focus on a personal opinion. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
A1 |
FORM: (OBJECT) 'IT'
Can use the pronoun 'it' as a direct object to refer to an object or situation already referred to. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
A1 |
FORM: (OBJECT) 'ME', 'YOU', 'HER', 'HIM', 'US', 'THEM'
Can use the pronouns 'me', 'you', 'him', 'her', 'us' and 'them' in the direct object position after a transitive verb. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
A1 |
FORM: (OBJECT) WITH PREPOSITION
Can use the object pronouns 'me', 'you', 'him', 'her', 'it', 'us' and 'them' in the object position after prepositions. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
A1 |
FORM: (SUBJECT) 'IT' FOR FIRST PERSON
Can use the pronoun 'it' before 'be' to refer to a first person speaker or writer. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
A1 |
FORM: (SUBJECT) QUESTIONS
Can use the pronouns 'I', 'you', 'we' and 'they' after an auxiliary or modal verb in question forms. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
A1 |
FORM: (SUBJECT) QUESTIONS WITH 'BE'
Can use the pronouns 'you' and 'it' after 'be' in question forms. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
A1 |
FORM: (SUBJECT) STATEMENTS
Can use the pronouns 'I', 'you', 'he', 'she', 'it', 'we' and 'they' in the subject position before a verb in statements. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
A2 |
FORM: (SUBJECT) ELLIPSIS AFTER 'HOPE'
Can leave out the subject pronoun with 'hope'. ► ellipsis |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
A2 |
FORM: (SUBJECT) EMPTY 'IT'
Can use 'it' as an empty subject when there is nothing else to put in subject position, particularly with weather or time. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
B1 |
FORM: (SUBJECT) USING 'IT' TO INTRODUCE
Can use dummy 'it' as a subject to introduce something the speaker or writer is going to refer to. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
B2 |
FORM: (OBJECT) USING 'IT' TO INTRODUCE
Can use 'it' as an object with 'make' to introduce something the speaker or writer is going to refer to. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
B2 |
FORM: (SUBJECT) ELLIPSIS
Can leave out the subject pronoun with a limited range of verbs, in informal contexts. ► ellipsis |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
B2 |
FORM: (SUBJECT) EMPTY 'IT'
Can use dummy 'it' with 'appears', 'feels', 'looks' and 'seems'. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
B2 |
FORM: (SUBJECT) 'ONE'
Can use 'one' as a generic personal pronoun in the subject position to mean people in general. ► generic pronouns |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
C1 |
FORM/USE: (SUBJECT) 'IT' + PASSIVE
Can use 'it' with the passive voice where the subject is unknown or unimportant, often in formal contexts. ► passives |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
subject/ object |
C2 |
FORM: (SUBJECT) CLEFT CONSTRUCTIONS WITH 'IT'
Can form a cleft construction beginning with 'it' to emphasise the subject of the main clause. ► clauses |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
demonstratives |
A2 |
FORM: 'THIS'
Can use 'this' as a pronoun with singular reference. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
demonstratives |
A2 |
USE: 'THIS' POINTING
Can use 'this' as a pronoun to point to or identify single things or entities which are about to follow and have immediate relevance. |
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Details |
| PRONOUNS |
demonstratives |
A2 |
USE: 'THIS', ALREADY MENTIONED
Can use 'this' as a pronoun to refer back to single things or groups of plural things which have already been mentioned. |
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Details |
